东北师范大学吴兴隆&谷振一&福建师范大学陈登龙等：高熵策略——一种应对可充电电池材料所面临挑战的有效模式

2026-10-09 14:45:25 作者：中国科学材料来源：中国科学材料分享至：

可充电电池的快速发展对于满足全球日益增长的能源存储需求至关重要。高熵材料，其包含多种主要元素且各元素比例接近等摩尔比，已成为设计下一代电极的一种有前景的选择。它们的高构型熵带来了独特的效应：结构稳定、晶格畸变、高缺陷密度以及鸡尾酒效应，这些效应有望共同解决了电池材料中长期存在的问题，如容量衰减、结构退化和缓慢的离子传输。

近日，东北师范大学吴兴隆教授、谷振一博士&福建师范大学陈登龙教授等在Science China Materials发表综述论文，系统地研究了这些熵衍生效应如何转化为电极性能优势：低体积应变、抑制相变、促进反应转化、增强离子传输路径、促进无序状态下的离子扩散以及多元素协同作用。通过将基本机制与各种材料的电化学性能相关联，提供了关于熵衍生效应对电极材料影响的视角。

最后，作者概述了合成、理论建模以及成分优化方面存在的主要挑战以及未来的研究方向，旨在为高性能、熵稳定型电池材料的合理开发提供指导。

Figure 1. (a) Sustainable energy and power supply diagram. (b) Publication of high-entropy materials in the field of energy storage and conversion. (c) Development history of HEMs in electrode materials with different structural characteristics.

Figure 2. (a) Schematic diagram of the four major high-entropy effects. (b) Schematic diagram of the effects derived from the high-entropy effect short-range order suppression. (c) Constructing transport channels. (d) Facilitation of the conversion process. (e) Synergy induced by each component.

Figure 3. (a) Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) maps of HE-LNMO. (b) Relationship between volumetric change and capacity for HE-LNMO and cathode materials with different nickel contents. (c) Cycling life curve of a half-cell containing HE-LNMO and NMC-811 at C/3. (d, e) In situ XRD of PBA-Mn and HE-Cu. (f, g) Ex situ selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns of PBA-Mn and HE-Cu at various charging states.

Figure 4. (a) Schematic illustration of aluminum ion insertion in the ME-PBA and Mn-PBA. (b) Partial DOS (PDOS) of the metal in Mn-PBA and ME-PBA. (c) SEM of the ME-PBA. (d) Na+ diffusion rate of p-NVPF and HE-NVPF. (e) GITT test of p-NVPF and HE-NVPF. (f, g) In-situ XRD of p-NVPF and HE-NVPF.

【通讯作者简介】

Xing-Long Wu (吴兴隆) is currently a professor in the Department of Materials Science and Chemistry, Northeast Normal University (NENU). He obtained his PhD degree from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS). His research interests include advanced secondary battery materials, recycling, and the reuse of waste lithium batteries.